Three-Dimensional Imaging and Modeling of Anatomic Structures, Sectional and Radiological Anatomy, and Staining Techniques

The first three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction was performed by Born (1883) and His (1885) using serial sections. Since then, a variety of reconstruction techniques have been developed, and the construction of physical models has become important in anatomy. The first computer-aided 3D reconstruction was achieved by Glaser and Van der Loos in 1965. With the improvements in both computer hardware and software tools, computerized modelling of anatomical structures has become very useful for visualizing complex 3D forms. Three-dimensional visualization of various microanatomic structures using special preparation and staining methods is important. Devices used for this purpose such as MicroCT, microMRI, SEM, and Confocal microscopy and so forth. are development parallel to the technological advances and give excellent 3D images, and it allows a better understanding of gross and microanatomic structures. On the other hand, first studies on cross-sectional anatomy date back to the 16th century. The widespread use of cross-sectional imaging techniques such as CT and MRI has gained an increasing importance in sectional anatomy. The most known cadaveric cross-sectional study, the visible human project, is an outgrowth of the National Library Medicine. In this special issue, we reviewed and edited seven articles on three-dimensional imaging and modeling of anatomic structures, sectional and radiological anatomy, and staining techniques. discussed three-dimensional regression, a technique that can be used for mapping images and shapes that are represented by sets of three-dimensional landmark coordinates, for comparing and mapping 3D anatomical structures in their research paper. Y. Hoshino and coworkers (University of Pittsburgh, USA) reviewed previous research about image analysis of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) anatomy and its application to ACL reconstruction surgery. They concluded that three-dimensional image analysis of the ACL anatomy and its application to the navigation system is becoming more prevalent and reliable for advancing the anatomic studies related to the native ACL and the ACL reconstruction procedure. A. Arencibia et al. (Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) investigated imaging features of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in two normal camels. They stated in conclusion that CT is an excellent method for the detailed assessment of the bony structures, and MRI is a valid imaging modality for the evaluation of the soft tissues. Processing of CT and MR images allowes to appreciate different bone structures and soft tissues of the TMJ, assisting in the interpretation of the images. discussed the first implementation …